ACL Tear: Symptoms, Diagnosis and When Do You Need Surgery?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most commonly injured ligaments of the knee, especially in people who play football, cricket, basketball, badminton or kabaddi. Understanding the symptoms early helps you get the right treatment at the right time.

How does an ACL tear happen?

Most ACL tears happen without any contact – while suddenly changing direction, landing awkwardly from a jump, or twisting the knee with the foot planted on the ground. Road accidents and falls can also cause ACL injuries.

Common symptoms

• A "pop" sound or sensation at the time of injury
• Rapid swelling of the knee within a few hours
• Pain and difficulty putting weight on the leg
• A feeling that the knee "gives way" while turning or climbing stairs

How is it diagnosed?

A careful clinical examination by an orthopaedic surgeon, supported by an MRI scan, confirms the ACL tear and shows any associated meniscus or cartilage damage.

Does every ACL tear need surgery?

Not always. Older or less active individuals with a stable knee may do well with physiotherapy. However, young and active people, athletes, and anyone whose knee keeps giving way usually benefit from arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. Repeated giving way can damage the meniscus and cartilage, so timely treatment matters.

The bottom line

If you have had a twisting knee injury with swelling and instability, get it checked by an orthopaedic specialist. Dr Jay Viraj Shah offers ACL arthroscopic surgery in Ahmedabad with a structured rehabilitation plan to get you back to your active life.